Dupont Case Study Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dupont Case Study - Research Paper Example The prospect of a company-wide decline in revenues was made even more palpable with the lead decline in revenues in a business segment involved in the production and sale of titanium dioxide. That initial prudence paid off somewhat, as the case notes, with ready plans for laying off 6500 employees when the scenario of revenues tanking by 20 percent became reality, even as the need to further trim the workforce by 2,000 employees more also became clear. Moreover, it also became clear that staff needed to take time off without pay, in order to realize cost savings of one billion dollars. Meanwhile, as the new CEO, there was the seen need to preserve the R&D budget at 1.4 billion dollars (Reuters; Case Facts). The case also notes that the company has fared poorly compared to competition in terms of returns on stock investments over the past 25 years, ranking in the last third, and the overriding concern is to come up with an appropriate strategy to change this dismal state of affairs. T here are several options, one being either to continue with the current focus on chemistry and chemicals, another being diversifying focus from a few grand plans to many smaller bets and plans and then later on focusing on those plans and bets that â€Å"pop† so to speak. From an operational point of view, strategic options include putting emphasis on either people, the development of products, or the state of the company's finances and financial standing. Finally, as discussed above, the strategic direction dilemma involves either going on with focusing on one chief goal and one strategy for the whole firm, or diversifying the focus, so to speak, and substituting many different goals for different aspects of the organization in place of that one laser-focused goal, as is currently the case (Case Facts; Reuters; Google; Lewis; DuPont). II. Strategic Options As discussed above, the strategic options include retaining the company's focus on chemicals and on its current lines of businesses, or diversifying and splitting the bets so to speak, directionally and in terms of investments and focus, expanding the focus areas and being in a sense opportunistic and on the watch for new revenue streams and sources of revenue growth and profits. There is not much sense it seems in staying the course. First, compared to competition, the company has not fared well in terms of returns over the past 25 years. Moreover, the financial crisis has just made it clearer that staying where they are would not get them out of the steep revenue drop hole that they found themselves in. In other words, keeping the focus on chemicals and the current lines of business would mean jeopardizing the very existence of the firm. The crisis brought to the surface the need for change. Diversification into many other areas seemed a wiser course of action. On the other hand, this does not come without risks. There needed to be prioritization in terms of research and development focus. Moreover , the compromised revenue position of the firm meant that they could not possibly go

Evaluation of Soil Management Strategies in Two Named Farming Systems Essay Example for Free

Evaluation of Soil Management Strategies in Two Named Farming Systems Essay Evaluation of the soil management strategies in the India The more time goes past, the more man starts realising how the management and the way we threat soils is important to insure its preservation and conservation. Nowadays, around 9. 4 million hectares of soil, which represent the 0. 5% of the land present on our planet, is irreparably damaged and has no longer any biological function. In other words, it can no longer be used in any useful way to provide food or other elements to the earth’s tenants. There are though, two factors that influence soil degradation; the human factor and the natural one. The most impactful one is the human one, as we tend to create disequilibrium in the rate at which soil forms and at which it is eroded or degraded. This is due to the fact that farmers work the soil too frequently or misunderstand and mismanage their lands. On the other hand, erosion and degradation, which embody the natural factors, are part of nature’s cycle and over time, they do not create imbalances. In poorer countries, farmers use subsistence farming and they are in a way constricted to do so, as they not only lack of economical resources to buy machinery and conditioners, but also because the quality of the soil often doesn’t give them the opportunity to be able to work the land more intensively. In the regions of West Bengal located in the northwest of India to take an example, the density of the population is so high that farmers only can use their little land holding to produce enough in order to feed themselves and their families. This way of managing the soil is called subsistence farming and is also used in the entire southeast of India, where the soil is so degraded that the population has no other choice but to use this agricultural strategy named sedentary farming. It involves farming always at the same place, living there and getting crops relying uniquely on labour and not on any capital investments. In India we can find a very large division, varying from economical to socio-political, and even agricultural. Up in the Northwest of India, within the hills of Jaipur in Rajasthan, intensive commercial farmers are predominant as the country represents the fourth biggest agricultural power of the world. The practices and components involved in intensive farming are harmful to the soil because farmers take advantage of the resources that are available and often abuse their terrain in such way that it harms it, leading to an increase of the rate at which the land is deteriorated. But not all methods are harmful to Nature; the method used in the forests of north India by the poorer citizens has a much better environmental impact than the industrial one used by richer farmers. As equally common, this method is called shifting farming which consists in burning a piece of land so that the ashes fertilise the soil. Then the famer grows its crops for around 2 to 5 years, until the soil’s fertility starts to decrease so he moves to another place repeating the same process. After a break more or less long 10 years, the farmer can go back to the first place as the terrain supposedly had time to regain its fertility and he can so for cultivate his crops again. In fact, the material and gears used, plus the methods are much different one from another. Within the subsistence one, natural fertilizers will be more likely to be used while on the intensive one, chemicals and heavy machinery often take the lead. These different strategies used to manage the soil comprise advantages and disadvantages, to both the farmers and the land. The sustainable farming strategy is on the short term less beneficial to the farmer as it will limit his production. But this technique won’t make any harm to the soil because the method used is less intensive, and natural fertilisers such as animal rejections and organic wastes replace chemicals and fertilizers used in the intensive method. But as stated above, India is the fourth largest agricultural force on this planet and that’s when the management of the soil starts becoming problematic in accordance to its sustainability and the preservation of its quality. The choice of a farmer to opt for a specific technique rather than another relies on the income on a short period of time. Even though in India this choice mainly depends on the financial resources available, the farmers using subsistence farming will be able to use their land for a much longer period of time than those who use intensive farming. It’s also in the farmer’s benefit to use its field in a sustainable way; for environmental ssues as well as for its personal profit as on the longer term, a farmer who farms on its land in a sustainable way will be able to get an equal amount of crops over a larger period of time. To conclude, if we keep abusing the soil as they still do in certain parts of the world, by 2050 we will severely lack of available healthy soil to satisfy our needs as a result of the population’s growth rate. And even though the governments and citizens didn’t realise that before severe issues and frightening statistical data came out from the topic. We know how to prevent soil erosion from natural factors by simply planting grass or other clumping vegetation; building shelter belts and hedgerows are other examples. We can also improve the methods of cultivation, using the techniques of terracing and contour ploughing. But to prevent the abusing human activity like deforestation, I believe that the only answer is the willing and devotion of individuals of using proper pesticides and fertilizers.

Education And The World Citizen :: essays research papers

Education seems to be becoming more and more of a controversial subject not only among government, but also with school boards, teachers, parents, and even the students. Some of this controversy is attributed to the normal routine things such as starting times, funding for clubs and sports, and more recently the rise of violence in the schools, as well as outcries from the church for the return of religion in the schools. However, people of today’s society are even more confused by the recent additions of new subjects not only the college curriculum but also in the curriculum of grade schoolers as well. These additions include the study of non-western cultures, the study of women and ethnic minorities in the U.S., and finally the study of human sexuality. In addition, people are wondering what exactly education has to do with being a â€Å"world citizen†? Is the life experience enough to become a â€Å"world citizen†? According to Nussbaum, a world citizen can be understood in two ways, the first being the strict of the two is â€Å"the ideal of citizen whose primary loyalty is to human beings the world over, and whose nationality†¦are considered distinctly secondary† (1). An example that one could use to paint a picture of this type of world citizen could be Ghandi or Mother Teresa who both put others, no matter their race or gender, above themselves. The second way is much more relaxed and states that â€Å"however we order our varied loyalties, we should still be sure that we recognize the worth of human life wherever it occurs and see ourselves as bound by common human abilities and problems to people who lie at a great distance from us† (2). An example that fits this description could be Princess Di or the Reverend Jesse Jackson. But, how exactly does one become this so-called world citizen? In The Old Education and the Think-Academy, Nussbaum gives us three of the numerous steps needed in order to become a â€Å"good citizen†. Nussbaum tells us that there are three essential ingredients for becoming a world citizen, the first being the critical examination of ones self, which is simply examining your life, where you have been and where you are going. The second of these is to see oneself as not just a citizen but as a group. Nussbaum is simply telling us that to often we get so wrapped up in our labels that we tend to forget that we are all human beings, and that we are all connected to one another. Education And The World Citizen :: essays research papers Education seems to be becoming more and more of a controversial subject not only among government, but also with school boards, teachers, parents, and even the students. Some of this controversy is attributed to the normal routine things such as starting times, funding for clubs and sports, and more recently the rise of violence in the schools, as well as outcries from the church for the return of religion in the schools. However, people of today’s society are even more confused by the recent additions of new subjects not only the college curriculum but also in the curriculum of grade schoolers as well. These additions include the study of non-western cultures, the study of women and ethnic minorities in the U.S., and finally the study of human sexuality. In addition, people are wondering what exactly education has to do with being a â€Å"world citizen†? Is the life experience enough to become a â€Å"world citizen†? According to Nussbaum, a world citizen can be understood in two ways, the first being the strict of the two is â€Å"the ideal of citizen whose primary loyalty is to human beings the world over, and whose nationality†¦are considered distinctly secondary† (1). An example that one could use to paint a picture of this type of world citizen could be Ghandi or Mother Teresa who both put others, no matter their race or gender, above themselves. The second way is much more relaxed and states that â€Å"however we order our varied loyalties, we should still be sure that we recognize the worth of human life wherever it occurs and see ourselves as bound by common human abilities and problems to people who lie at a great distance from us† (2). An example that fits this description could be Princess Di or the Reverend Jesse Jackson. But, how exactly does one become this so-called world citizen? In The Old Education and the Think-Academy, Nussbaum gives us three of the numerous steps needed in order to become a â€Å"good citizen†. Nussbaum tells us that there are three essential ingredients for becoming a world citizen, the first being the critical examination of ones self, which is simply examining your life, where you have been and where you are going. The second of these is to see oneself as not just a citizen but as a group. Nussbaum is simply telling us that to often we get so wrapped up in our labels that we tend to forget that we are all human beings, and that we are all connected to one another.

Cultural difference between US & China

The relative differences in the American and Chinese business background may well predict how transaction costs will be evaluated. On the part of the Chinese business criterion, it seems that the contrasting attitude of their business scheme may define a larger cost in trade investments for the American counterparts. The promising good trade partnership between American companies doing business with its Chinese segments may bring huge monetary concerns on the part of the former.The most significant attribute in the Chinese business core is the fact that their business structure is purely based on experience. This is very much evident since most of the companies are family-based businesses. As a result, there is no exact business trend that will make the companies adhere to the normal business plan as compared to the companies in the United States. This fact contributes largely to the aspect of limiting the flow of investment within a specific domain of the family owned business.One d isadvantage when it comes to costs is that an American company may not be able to induce its influence on the transaction if they are to deal with the Chinese based companies. The structured and well organized scheme employed by American companies may not be useful at all since the transaction will purely be based on the way the Chinese handle its business. The unpredictability of the financial aspect might take its toll in the American company’s investments. These will likely to happen even if the labor and commodity cost in china is very cheap.Also, there is not even a comparison of the Chinese and U. S. factory labor costs because reliable statistics from the Asian giant don't exist (News Analysis). This is a somewhat big drawback if the American company needs to assess the appropriate wage that it should set aside from its capital. Another big concern that will predict a very large cost discrepancy would be in the aspect of formal agreement. The Chinese tend to use fewer contracts when involving other sources of investment.This is very contrasting to the attitude of American companies where everything is settled on paper even before the activity proceeds. The Chinese companies tend to rely on trusted partnerships and loyalty of their background workforce for their own survival in the trade world. This could equate to a very high cost for the American company especially if the agreement will not be implemented according to the drafted plan. It is very possible that one segment of the production line will experience problems in business processing.Such scenario will eventually take effect on both the Chinese and American company in partnership. However, the larger cost will be incurred on the American company’s account. This is so because of the large dependency in a specified business plan. Moreover, there will be a waste in monetary values together with the production time frame just to take full recovery of the lost trade opportunity. This i s the most discouraging factor when it comes to unspecified productivity dilemmas.The global economy is starting to implement a rather large opportunity for all markets. Apparently, because of this global merchandising capacity of various countries, it would be very much accepted that the efficiency and survival of a certain business lies directly on the trading partners where it seems to be compatible with. On the case of the American and Chinese business relationship, it should first consider how the financial cost of partnership will eventually influence each other’s trading posts.A complete analysis of the cost attributes should be taken into consideration. Apparently, the behavior of Chinese business is very difficult to understand (Chen, 1999-2007). References: Chen, Ming-Jer. 1999-2007. Inside Chinese Business. QuickMBA. Retrieved May 8, 2007 from http://www. quickmba. com/mgmt/intl/china/. News Analysis. 2004. Just How Cheap Is Chinese Labor?. Businessweek. Retrieved May 8, 2007 form http://www. businessweek. com/bwdaily/dnflash/dec2004/nf2004122_6762_db039. htm.

Are women more religious than men Essay

According to Miller and Hoffmann there is a belief that women are more likely to express greater interest in religion, have a stronger personal commitment and attend church more often. In my own experiences of church my mother my sister and I attend church regularly whilst my brother and father hardly ever attend church giving some evidence in support of Miller and Hoffmann’s view. Furthermore having had a debate with a number of people in my sixth form on attendance levels at religious organisations and religiosity levels of males and females, I found that females viewed religion as more important than males. I became even more interested when a fellow student commented that she thought that males aren’t as religious as females because by identifying with another male in terms love and superiority is an uncomfortable and foreign concept for them. Some argue that Males also believe attending church is a feminine activity. It should be clear that I am focusing on Christianity for the purposes of my coursework. My research will be conducted through using detailed interviews of male attitudes to attending church and the concept of God. I will ask males in my church and from my sixth form the questions will aim to answer whether they think women are more religious, whether it is hard to be comfortable to be loved by another man; whether they believe church is a feminine activity and finally whether father figures affect whether young boys attend church.

Foam Definition in Chemistry

Foam Definition in Chemistry A foam is a substance made by trapping air or gas bubbles inside a solid or liquid. Typically, the volume of gas is much larger than that of the liquid or solid, with thin films separating gas pockets. Another definition of foam is a bubbly liquid, particularly if the bubbles, or froth, are undesirable. Foam can impede the flow of a liquid and block gas exchange with air. Anti-foaming agents may be added to a liquid to help prevent bubbles from forming. The term foam may also refer to other phenomena that resemble foams, such as foam rubber and quantum foam. How Foam Forms Three requirements must be met in order for foam to form. Mechanical work is needed to increase the surface area. This can occur by agitation, dispersing a large volume of gas into a liquid, or injecting a gas into a liquid. The second requirement is that surfactants or surface active components must be present to decrease surface tension. Finally, the foam must form more quickly than it breaks down. Foams may be open-cell or closed-cell in nature. Pores connect the gas regions in open-cell foams, while closed-cell foams have enclosed cells. The cells are usually disordered in their arrangement, with varying bubble sizes. The cells present minimal surface area, forming honeycomb shapes or tessellations. Foams are stabilized by the Marangoni effect and by van der Waals forces. The Marangoni effect is a mass transfer along the interface between fluids due to surface tension gradient. In foams, the effect acts to restore lamellae (a network of interconnected films). Van der Waals forces form electric double layers when dipolar surfactants are present. Foams are destabilized as gas bubbles rise through them. Also, gravity pulls liquid downward in a liquid-gas foam. Osmotic pressure drains lamellae because of concentration differences throughout the structure. Laplace pressure and disjoining pressure also act to destabilize foams. Examples of Foam Examples of foams formed by gases in liquids include whipped cream, fire retardant foam, and soap bubbles. Rising bread dough may be considered a semisolid foam. Solid foams include dry wood, polystyrene foam, memory foam, and mat foam (as for camping and yoga mats). Its also possible to make a foam using metal. Foam Uses Bubbles and bath foam are fun uses of foam, but it has many practical uses, too. Fire retardant foam is used to extinguish fires.Solid foams may be used to engineer strong yet light materials.Solid foams are excellent thermal insulators.Solid foams are used to make flotation devices.Because solid foams are light and compressible, they make an excellent stuffing and packing material.A closed-cell foam called a syntactic foam consists of hollow particles in a matrix. This type of foam is used to make shape memory resins. Syntactic foams are also used in space and deep-sea exploration.Self-skin or integral skin foam consists of a dense skin with a lower density core. This type of foam is used to make shoe soles, mattresses, and baby seats.

Imperialism Definition and Historical Perspective

Imperialism Definition and Historical Perspective Imperialism, sometimes called empire building, is the policy of a nation to forcefully impose its rule or authority over other nations. Typically involving the unprovoked use of military force, imperialism has historically been viewed as morally unacceptable. As a result, accusations of imperialism- whether factual or not- are often used in propaganda denouncing a nation’s foreign policy. Key Takeaways Imperialism is the expansion of a nation’s authority over other nations through the acquisition of land or the imposition of economic and political domination.The Age of Imperialism is typified by the colonization of the Americas between the 15th and 19th centuries, as well as the expansion of the United States, Japan, and the European powers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.Throughout history, many indigenous societies and cultures have been destroyed by imperialistic expansion. While the colonization of the Americas between the 15th and 19th centuries differed in nature from the expansion of the United States, Japan, and the European powers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, both periods are examples of imperialism. Imperialism has evolved since the struggles between prehistoric clans for scarce food and resources, but it has retained its bloody roots. Throughout history, many cultures suffered under the domination of their imperialist conquerors, with many indigenous societies being unintentionally or deliberately destroyed. Imperialism Definition and Theory A broader definition of imperialism is the extension or expansion- usually by the use of military force- of a nation’s authority or rule over territories not currently under its control. This is accomplished through the direct acquisition of land or economic and political domination. Certainly, empires do not undertake the expenses and dangers of imperialistic expansion without what their leaders consider ample justification. Throughout recorded history, imperialism has been justified or at least rationalized under one or more of five general theories. Conservative Economic Theory The better-developed nation sees imperialism as a way to maintain its already successful economy and stable social order. By securing new captive markets for its exported goods, the dominant nation is able to maintain its employment rate, and redirect any social disputes of its urban populations into its colonial territories. Historically, this rationale embodied an assumption of ideological and racial superiority within the dominant nation. Liberal Economic Theory Growing wealth and capitalism in the dominant nation results in the production of more goods than its population can consume. Its leaders see imperialist expansion as a way to reduce its expenses while increasing its profits by balancing production and consumption. Rather than imperialism, the wealthier nation sometimes chooses to solve its under-consumption problem internally through liberal legislative means, such as wage control. Marxist-Leninist Economic Theory Socialist leaders like Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin rejected liberal legislative strategies dealing with under-consumption because they would inevitably take money away from the dominant state’s middle class. They believed such strategies would result in a world divided into wealthy and poor countries. Lenin used this theory to explain the imperialistic aspirations that led to World War I. Political Theory Imperialism is no more than an inevitable result of the wealthy nations attempt to maintain their positions in the world’s balance of power. The theory holds that the actual purpose of imperialism is to minimize the nation’s military and political vulnerability. The Warrior Class Theory Imperialism actually serves no real economic or political purpose. Instead, it is a pointless manifestation of the age-old behavior of nations whose political processes have become dominated by a â€Å"warrior† class. Originally created to satisfy an actual need for national defense, the warrior class eventually manufactures crises that can only be dealt with through imperialism in order to perpetuate its existence. The Rhodes Colossus: Caricature of Cecil John Rhodes. Edward Linley Sambourne / Public Domain Imperialism vs. Colonialism   While imperialism and colonialism both result in the political and economic domination of one nation over others, there are subtle but important differences between the two terms. In essence, colonialism is the physical practice of global expansion, while imperialism is the idea that drives the practice. In a basic cause-and-effect relationship, imperialism can be thought of as the cause, and colonialism as the effect. In its most familiar form, colonialism involves the relocation of people to the new territory to live as permanent settlers. Once established, the settlers maintain their loyalty and allegiance to their mother country while working to harness the new territory’s resources for the economic benefit of that country. In contrast, imperialism is simply the imposition of political and economic control over the conquered nation or nations, often through the use of military forces. For example, the British colonization of America during the 16th and 17th centuries evolved into imperialism when King George III stationed British troops in the colonies to enforce ever more restrictive economic and political regulations imposed on the colonists. Objections to Britain’s growingly imperialistic actions would result in the American Revolution.  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Age of Imperialism The Age of Imperialism spanned between the years 1500 and 1914. During the early 15th to the late 17th centuries, European powers such as England, Spain, France, Portugal, and Holland acquired vast colonial empires. During this period of â€Å"Old Imperialism† the European nations explored the New World seeking trade routes to the Far East and- often violently- establishing settlements in North and South America as well as in Southeast Asia. It was during this period that some of imperialism’s worst human atrocities took place. During the Spanish Conquistadors’ conquest of Central and South America in the 16th century, an estimated eight million indigenous people died in the era of imperialism’s first large-scale act of genocide.   Imperial Powers in 1898. Wikimedia Commons Based on their belief in the conservative economic theory of â€Å"Glory, God, and Gold,† the trade-motivated imperialists of the period saw colonialism purely as a source of wealth and a vehicle for religious missionary efforts. The early British Empire established its most profitable colonies in North America, the Caribbean, and India. Despite suffering a setback in the loss of its American colonies in 1776, Britain more than recovered by gaining colonies in India, Australia, and Latin America. By the end of the age of Old Imperialism in the 1840s, Great Britain had become the dominant colonial power with territorial holdings in India, South Africa, and Australia. At the same time, France controlled the Louisiana territory in North America and French New Guinea. Holland had colonized the East Indies, and Spain had colonized Central and South America. Due largely to its mighty navy’s dominance of the seas, Britain also readily accepted its role as keeper of world peace, later described as Pax Britannica or â€Å"British Peace.†Ã‚  Ã‚   The Age of New Imperialism While the European empires established footholds on the coasts of Africa and China, their influence over local leaders was limited. Not until the â€Å"Age of New Imperialism† that started in the 1870s did the European states establish their vast empires mainly in Africa, but also in Asia and the Middle East. New Imperialism and its effects on China. Henri Meyer - Bibliothà ¨que nationale de France Driven by their need to deal with the over-production- under-consumption economic consequences of the Industrial Revolution, the European nations pursued an aggressive plan of empire building.  Instead of merely setting up overseas trading settlements as they had during the 16th and 17th centuries, the new imperialists controlled the local colonial governments to their own benefit. The rapid advances in industrial production, technology, and transportation during the â€Å"Second Industrial Revolution† between 1870 and 1914 further boosted the economies of the European powers and thus their need for overseas expansion. As typified by the political theory of imperialism, the new imperialists employed policies that stressed their perceived superiority over â€Å"backward† nations. Combining the establishment of economic influence and political annexation with overwhelming military force, the European countries- highlighted by the juggernaut British Empire- proceeded to dominate most of Africa and Asia. By 1914, along with its successes in the so-called â€Å"Scramble for Africa,† the British Empire controlled the largest number of colonies worldwide, leading to the popular phrase, â€Å"The sun never sets on the British Empire.† U.S. Annexation of Hawaii One of the best recognized, if controversial, examples of American imperialism came with its 1898 annexation of the Kingdom of Hawaii as a territory. Through most of the 1800s, the U.S. government worried that Hawaii, a key mid-Pacific whaling and trade port, fertile ground for American protestant missions, and most of all, a rich new source of sugar from sugar cane production, would fall under the control of European empires. Indeed, during the 1930s both Britain and France forced Hawaii to accept exclusionary trade treaties with them. In 1842, U.S. Secretary of State Daniel Webster reached an agreement with Hawaiian agents in Washington to oppose the annexation of Hawaii by any other nation. In 1849, a treaty of friendship served as the basis of official long-term relations between the United States and Hawaii. By 1850, sugar accounted for 75% of Hawaii’s wealth. As Hawaii’s economy became increasingly dependent on the United States, a trade reciprocity treaty signed in 1875 further linked the two countries. In 1887, American growers and businessmen forced King KalÄ kaua to sign a new constitution stripping him of power and suspending the rights of many native Hawaiians. In 1893, King KalÄ kaua’s successor, Queen Lili’uokalani introduced a new constitution that restored her power and Hawaiian rights. Fearing that Lili’uokalani would impose devastating tariffs on American-produced sugar, American cane growers led by Samuel Dole plotted to depose her and seek the annexation of the islands by the United States. On January 17, 1893, sailors from the USS Boston, dispatched by U.S. President Benjamin Harrison, surrounded the Ê »Iolani Palace in Honolulu and removed Queen Lili’uokalani. U.S. Minister John Stevens was recognized as the islands’ de facto government, with Samuel Dole as president of the Provisional Government of Hawaii. In 1894, Dole sent a delegation to Washington officially seeking annexation. However, President Grover Cleveland opposed the idea and threatened to restore Queen Lili’uokalani as monarch. In response, Dole declared Hawaii an independent republic. In a rush of nationalism from the Spanish-American War, the United States, at the urging of President William McKinley, annexed Hawaii in 1898. At the same time, the native Hawaiian language was entirely banned from schools and government. In 1900, Hawaii became a U.S. territory, with Dole as its first governor. Demanding the same rights and representation of U.S. citizens in the then-48 states, native Hawaiians and non-white Hawaiian residents began to push for statehood. Nearly 60 years later, Hawaii became the 50th U.S. state on August 21, 1959. In 1987, the U.S. Congress restored Hawaiian as the state’s official language, and in 1993, President Bill Clinton signed a bill apologizing for the U.S. role in the 1893 overthrow of Queen Lili’uokalani.   The Decline of Classic Imperialism While generally profitable, imperialism, combined with nationalism, began to have negative consequences for the European empires, their colonies, and the world. By 1914, an increasing number of conflicts between the competing nations would erupt into World War I. By the 1940s, former World War I participants Germany and Japan, regaining their imperialistic power, sought to create empires across Europe and Asia, respectively. Driven by their desires to expand their nations’ spheres of world influence, Hitler in Germany and Emperor Hirohito of Japan would join forces to launch World War II. The tremendous human and economic costs of World War II greatly weakened the old empire-building nations, effectively ending the age of classic, trade-driven imperialism. Throughout the ensuing delicate peace and Cold War, decolonization proliferated. India along with several former colonial territories in Africa gained their independence from Britain. While a scaled-back version of British imperialism continued with its involvement in the Iranian coup d’à ©tat of 1953 and in Egypt during the 1956 Suez Crisis, it was the United States and the former Soviet Union that emerged from World War II as the world’s dominant superpowers. However, the ensuing Cold War from 1947 to 1991 would take a massive toll on the Soviet Union. With its economy drained, its military might a thing of the past, and its communist political structure fractured, the Soviet Union officially dissolved to emerge as the Russian Federation on December 26, 1991. As part of the dissolution agreement, the several colonial or â€Å"satellite† states of the Soviet empire were granted their independence. With the breakup of the Soviet Union, the United States emerged as the dominant global power and source of modern imperialism. Examples of Modern Imperialism No longer focused strictly on securing new trading opportunities, modern imperialism involves the expansion of corporate presence and the spreading of the dominant nation’s political ideology in a process sometimes pejoratively called â€Å"nation-building† or specifically in the case of the United States, â€Å"Americanization.† Uncle Sam Placing Spain on Notice in 1898.   Independence Seaport Museum / Public Domain As proven by the domino theory of the Cold War, powerful nations, like the United States, often attempt to block other nations from adopting political ideologies counter to their own. As a result, the United States’ failed 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion attempt to overthrow the communist regime of Fidel Castro in Cuba, President Ronald Regan’s Reagan Doctrine intended to stop the spread of communism, and the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War are often cited as examples of modern imperialism. Aside from the United States, other prosperous nations have employed modern- and occasionally traditional- imperialism in attempts to expand their influence. Using a combination of hyper-aggressive foreign policy and limited military intervention, countries like Saudi Arabia and China have sought to spread their global influence. In addition, smaller nations like Iran and North Korea have been aggressively building their military capabilities- including nuclear weapons- in hopes of gaining an economic and strategic advantage.   While the United States’ true colonial holdings have declined since the era of traditional imperialism, it still exerts a strong and growing economic and political influence on parts of the world. The U.S. currently retains five permanently populated traditional territories or commonwealths: Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and American Samoa. All five territories elect a non-voting member to the U.S. House of Representatives. Residents of American Samoa are considered U.S. nationals, while residents of the other four territories are U.S. citizens. They are allowed to vote in primary elections for president, but they cannot vote in the general presidential election. Historically, most former U.S. territories, such as Hawaii and Alaska, eventually attained statehood. Other territories, such as the Philippines, Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and Palau, held mainly for strategic purposes during World War II, eventually became independent countries.   Sources and Further Reference Ferraro, Vincent. Theories of Imperialism. Resources for the Study of International Relations and Foreign Policy. Mount Holyoke College.Gallaher, Carolyn, et al. (2009). Key Concepts in Political Geography. London: SAGE. ISBN 978-1-4129-4672-8.The Soviet Union and Europe after 1945. The U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum.Annexation of Hawaii, 1898. U.S. Department of State.Stephenson, Carolyn. Nation Building Beyond Intractability: Knowledge Base. January 2005.How the World Was Won: The Americanization of Everywhere. Book Review. The Guardian.U.S. Territories. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.

Womens Day Quotes for March 8

Womens Day Quotes for March 8 If you thought that womens liberation has reached its zenith, think again. Though many women in progressive societies enjoy some liberty, several thousands of them are suppressed and tortured under the garb of morality. Gender discrimination exists at all levels. At the workplace, where gender inequalities are brushed under the carpet, women workers are often subjected to sexual objectification, harassment, and molestation. Women employees are discouraged from seeking higher positions in management as they are deemed as liabilities. Workplace surveys report that women receive lower wages than their male counterparts. A society that strangulates the woman that raises her voice will forever remain backward and regressive. New thoughts, ideas, and philosophy will fail to take root within the constricted walls of dominance. Perverted ideals and sexism are often the cause of womens subjugation. Help women fight their cause by recognizing them as human beings. Respect your women colleagues, friends, and family. Inspire women to take on the mantle of womens liberation. Womens Day Quotes Harriet Beecher Stowe: So much has been said and sung of beautiful young girls. Why dont somebody wake up to the beauty of old women?Brett Butler: I would like it if men had to partake in the same hormonal cycles to which were subjected monthly. Maybe thats why men declare war because they have a need to bleed on a regular basis.Katherine Hepburn: Sometimes I wonder if men and women really suit each other. Perhaps they should live next door and just visit now and then.Carolyn Kenmore: You have to have the kind of body that doesnt need a girdle in order to get to pose in one.Anita Wise: A lot of guys think the larger a womans breasts are, the less intelligent she is. I dont think it works like that. I think its the opposite. I think the larger a womans breasts are, the less intelligent the men become.Arnold Haultain: A woman can say more in a sigh than a man can say in a sermon.Ogden Nash: I have an idea that the phrase weaker sex was coined by some woman to disarm some man she was p reparing to overwhelm. Oliver Goldsmith: They may talk of a comet, or a burning mountain, or some such bagatelle; but to me a modest woman, dressed out in all her finery, is the most tremendous object of the whole creation.Aristotle Onassis: If women didnt exist, all the money in the world would have no meaning.Gilda Radner: Id much rather be a woman than a man. Women can cry, they can wear cute clothes, and theyre the first to be rescued off sinking ships.George Eliot: A womans hopes are woven of sunbeams; a shadow annihilates them.Mignon McLaughlin: A woman asks little of love: only that she be able to feel like a heroine.Stanley Baldwin: I would rather trust a womans instinct than a mans reason.Simone de Beauvoir: One is not born a woman, one becomes one.Ian Fleming: A woman should be an illusion.Stephen Stills: There are three things men can do with women: love them, suffer for them, or turn them into literature.Germaine Greer: Women have very little idea of how much men hate them.William Shakespeare, As You Like It: Do you not know I am a woman? when I think, I must speak. Mignon McLaughlin: Women are never landlocked: theyre always mere minutes away from the briny deep of tears.Robert Brault: Through sources, we have obtained the following alien assessment of the human species: The male wants to be valued for what he pretends to be. The female wants to be overvalued for what she truly is.Voltaire: I hate women because they always know where things are.Hermione Gingold: Fighting is essentially a masculine idea; a womans weapon is her tongue.Joseph Conrad: Being a woman is a terribly difficult task, since it consists principally in dealing with men.Janis Joplin: Dont compromise yourself. You are all youve got.Martina Navratilova: I think the key is for women not to set any limits.Rosalyn Sussman: We still live in a world in which a significant fraction of people, including women, believe that a woman belongs and wants to belong exclusively in the home.Virginia Woolf: As a woman I have no country. As a woman my country is the whole world.Mae West: When w omen go wrong, men go right after them. Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley: I do not wish women to have power over men; but over themselves.Gloria Steinem: I have yet to hear a man ask for advice on how to combine marriage and a career.

Describle the signaling pathways responsible for regulating the Research Paper

Describle the signaling pathways responsible for regulating the release of the pancreatic zymogens from the pancreatic acinar ce - Research Paper Example The paper highlights the presence of receptors and secretagogues that initiate the secretion of the zymogens. The main secreatagogues include the acetylcholine, cholecystokinin and other associated peptides. The paper also describes the mechanism of calcium ion signalling pathway in regulating secretion. Moreover, the paper provides details of the secretion mechanism, detailing all the mechanism and their regulation. Regulation of the pancreatic function in the acinar cells is complex, and scientists are yet to describe all the mechanisms in depth. Introduction The functioning of the pancreas presents complex pathways. The organ exhibits both exocrine and endocrine functions. The fact that the peculiar organ exhibits both of these function s has intrigued scientists to unveil the regulatory mechanism that govern its function. As expected, the organ has both neural and hormonal forms of regulation. Pancreatic duct cells secrete a combination of fluid and bicarbonate ions responsible f or the neutralization of gastric contents in the duodenum. Since this secretion involves a duct, it defines the exocrine function of the organ. On the other hand, the pancreas consists of four types of endocrine cells that secrete varying hormones. The alpha cells are responsible for glucagon secretion, while the beta cells produce insulin. In addition, there is production of somatostatin from delta cells, and pancreatic polypeptide from PP cells. Structural studies of the pancreas indicate an assembly of the endocrine cells in the islets. This paper will highlight the regulatory mechanisms of the acinar cells responsible for the secretion of the juices that play a role in digestion. Acinar cells of the pancreas bear the responsibility of synthesis and secretion of the numerous enzymes that aid in digestion of nutrients in the small intestine lumen. The critical function played by the digestive enzymes necessitates the availability of both short and long-term regulation. Such regula tion serves to ensure a supply of the enzymes after food intake. The regulation process requires the availability of receptors and secretagogues that initiate the secretion process (Husain, and Thrower 466-7). Receptors and Secretagogues The primary secretagogues responsible for initiating secretions from acinar cells are acetylcholine and cholecystokinin (CCK) (Wu et al 642). The vagal postganglionic neurons are responsible for the release of acetylcholine. On the other hand, CCK comes from the intestinal endocrine cells. Moreover, secretin, a secretagogue for initiating secretion in duct cells also plays a critical role in the acinar cells. There are numerous receptors for hormones, growth factors, and neurotransmitters in the acinar cells. Studies reveal that activity on these receptors influence the secretion patterns of the acinar cells. CCK has the potential of activating CCK receptors on the vagal afferent endings. Scientists have described the mechanism responsible for this activation as paracrine. Other studies have highlighted that CCK advances to the blood and exerts control on the contractile mechanisms of the gall bladder. This triggers emptying of the bladder. Animal studies have established that CCK receptors play a vital role in the acinar cells of rodents. However, studies are yet to confirm the role of the same in humans. In addition, the acinar cells exhibit effects of other peptides responsible for

Public law special study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Public law special study - Essay Example This is an approach consistent with the asymmetry thesis. The asymmetry thesis, takes the position that the imposing sex discrimination prohibitions on religions would amount to excessive restraints on freedom of religion.4 International academic debate centres round either defending or attacking the asymmetry thesis.5 This paper argues that the liberalized thinking occupying international debate is more suited to resolving the tensions between sexuality-based equalities and faith-based equalities. Liberalized thinking in today’s egalitarian society argues that neither religious nor â€Å"quasi-religious† beliefs have a role to play in defining the parameters of civic duty and democratic participation.6 This paper analyses the tensions implicit in sexuality-based equalities and faith-equalities by reference to both British case law and in the context of international academic debate. ... previous statutes defining and regulating the states obligation to ensure equal treatment and protection of the law for all citizens regardless of race, gender, sexuality, religion, disability, nationality and so on.7 In particular, sexuality, gender and religion are â€Å"protected characteristics† within the ambit of the 2010 Act.8 Freedom of religion is likewise statutorily protected in the UK by virtue of the Human Rights Act 1998 which incorporates the European Convention on Human Rights 1953 (Hereinafter ECHR).9 Article 9 of the ECHR provides that all citizens have â€Å"the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion† as well as the right to observe, practice, teach, worship and â€Å"manifest his religion or belief†.10 Article 9(2) however goes on to impose conditions to freedom of religion by providing that the freedom of religion is limitations imposed by law: ...And are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of public safety, for t he protection of public order, health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedom of others.11 The Court of Appeal explained the importance of Article 9(2) of the ECHR in Ladele v Islington. In this case there was a conflict in competing equality claims: sexuality-based and faith-based equalities. On the facts of the case a registrar who professed to be a Christian declined to register a civil partnership between a same-sex couple on the grounds that same-sex partnerships were against her religious beliefs. The Court of Appeal, in considering Article 9(2) of the ECHR held that the law recognizes that in a modern democratic society it is necessary to prohibit discrimination with respect to the delivery of â€Å"goods, facilities and services on the grounds of sexual orientation† with only exceptional

Corporate Governance in Russia Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Corporate Governance in Russia - Dissertation Example A total of 74 companies was analysed, 34 companies from LSE, 4 from NYSE and 36 listed on RTS. The sample size was calculated from a Web-based sample size calculator using the following parameters : (1) a margin of error of 7%; (2) a confidence level of 95%; (3) a population size of 5,580; and (4) response distribution of 10%. The population size of 5,580 is the total number of companies listed with the Russian Trading System (297), the New York Stock Exchange (2,317) and the London Stock Exchange (2,966). The minimum recommended sample was 70 but for contingency, this number was increased by 5%, hence the actual sample size used was 74. Companies which were listed with LSE and NYSE are categorised as class listed (CL). These are the companies are listed abroad, numbering 38. The non-class listed companies (NCL) are those companies that are listed only with RTS in Russia. The list of the companies and a screenshot of the output from the Web-based sample size calculator can be found i n the Appendix.... The test is repeated until all the outliers are deleted. Grubbs test works on the principle that with the outliers deleted, data tend to be normally distributed (Thompson and Lowthian, 2011). In this regard, use of Grubbs test requires prudence in estimating normality of the distribution in the dataset. Moreover, the test may not be applied for a small sample size of six or less since repeated iterations alter the chances of detecting outliers (Thompson and Lowthian, 2011). In the case of this research, CL and NCL data sets made the use of the Grubb’s test impossible, because it detected too many outliers, because CL firms tend to be large and well-established, also the specific environment in which firms operate would influence their board characteristics and availability of data. Considering the big information availability difference of the treatment and benchmark populations comparison between those independent samples can be problematic. Log base 10 Further, logarithm was applied on operating revenue and number of employees. The most common description of log or logarithm of a number represents the exponent by which a fixed number, called the base, has to be exponentiated to generate the fixed number (Bland, 2007). For the current research common logarithms (logs to base 10) are useful in a several ways. First of all, they simplify the data output for further calculations. Secondly, log transformation is applicable to data in where the residuals tend to assume bigger values as the values of the dependent variable increases. The danger in this type of scenario is that the error or change in the value of an outcome variable is a percentage and not an absolute value. Hence, similar percentage

Market Article Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Market Article Analysis - Essay Example The growth of mobile marketing upon which the Sorofman is stressing upon in his article can be substantiated by the following facts; There are 5x many cell phones in the world than PCs (Conner, 2013) 91% of adults keep their smart-phones within arm’s reach (Conner, 2013) By the end of 2013, there will be more mobile connected devices than there are people on earth (Brenner, 2013) The above mentioned facts authenticate the notion that mobile marketing has the tendency to emerge as the most powerful communication tool; with significant reach. It can be credited with innovative ways to connect with consumers and in giving a sales boost. A research conducted by Forrester Research in January 2013, depicts the increasing number of mobile commerce sales via smart-phones in American market (Siwicki,  2013). The author has further explained certain ‘ground rules’ to carry out an effective mobile marketing plan. He explains that bombarding smart-phone users with marketing content, by using location-based marketing, as soon as they enter a particular vicinity might be interpreted as ‘creepy’ and might be just simply ignored. ... Not to mention, that it might also dilute a brand’s image. This requires an integrated and holistic approach towards the marketing plan. Neil Richardson suggests that by adopting mobile marketing the marcomm activity would more effective, if the business’s website is accessible through a mobile phone. Because the consumers would not have to wait to log into their PCs or they would not have to take out specific time to go through a business website (Richardson, 2010) The businesses have to properly segment their potential market and identify the target audience, who should be specifically targeted. The nature of the content has to be carved out keeping in mind a particular set of target audience. Such a strategy has to be embedded in the overall communication plan of a brand. If the brands rely too heavily on discharging messages across fragmented media without adopting a properly devised strategy, then it might result have adverse affects such as; Wastage of time, costs , labor Misinterpretation of message Reaching wrong audience Reaching the right audience but failure to convey the message in the right way (Lieb, 2012) Sorofman has rightly said in his article that a combination of tools should be used rather than being â€Å"mono-focused†. This argument can be further supported by what Rachael Pashqua suggests in his book named ‘Mobile Marketing: An Hour a Day’ to integrate SMS in the overall marketing strategy of the firm (Pashqua & Elkin, 2013). This does not imply that the traditional mediums should be entirely ignored. The idea is to find a strategic fit between the traditional medium and the new mobile tools. The fundamentals of both the mediums should be well understood and its effects on customer response

Marketing Strategy WH Smith Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Marketing Strategy WH Smith Case Study - Essay Example WH Smith (WHS) was established in 1792 and went public in 1949. The retail division presently operates 542 retail stores and 127 travel stores across the country. In addition, the division operates e-retailing business through the website. The news division of WHS is UK’s largest wholesaler of newspaper and magazines. The company’s key product portfolio includes books, stationery, travel guides, greeting cards and gift packaging, art materials, entertainment products such as music and video CD’s, DVD’s, computer games and confectionery. The company derives a majority of its revenues from the UK, having divested itself of the Asia-pacific arm.Major competitors that need to be considered, looking at the diverse range of products offered, may be identified as Amazon.com, Borders Group, Barnes & Noble, Bertelsmann, Lagardere, HMV, Virgin, Woolworths, Asda, Tesco and a number of specialist small retailers.The most obvious strength of the company is its 542 reta il outlets on every high-street in the country and 127 travel stores at railway stations and airports, allowing the company to reach a wide customer base – 70% of the British public visit a WHS store at least once every year!Travel Retail is a strong performer within the retail division and recorded growth rates of 3% in revenue (Â £311 million) and an increase of 24 % in its profits in 2005 compared with the previous year. While passenger growth at airports was 2%, the sales at airport outlets grew by 7%. (Datamonitor, 2006). Distribution: WH Smith News has 47 distribution centres across the UK and delivers up to 50 million newspapers and magazines every week. All distribution centres employ state-of-the-art technology, such as 'Pick and Pack' machinery, to help to improve customer service and reduce costs. I.T. Systems: The company is in an excellent position to exploit the cutting edge Information Technology

Developmental Biology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Developmental Biology - Research Paper Example Epigenetic factors refer to changes other than the changes at the level of DNA that lead to changes in heredity. These include DNA methylation which is present in all known vertebrates. This paper aims to study recent literature and studies that have been produced in order to find out the factors that affect aging. For this purpose, literature dated after 2006 has been used in order to ensure that the information is as recent as possible. This study will be useful in developing a better understanding of a vital part of developmental biology that is aging. INTRODUCTION Human race has always been fascinated by the idea of eternal youthfulness and functionality. The physiological and psychological changes that occur with age have always haunted humans and as a result, a lot of time, money and effort have gone into discovering the reasons behind aging in order to avoid the effects of growing age. With the advent of newer technologies, scientists have come to see aging as a process that o ccurs at the molecular level that eventually shows its effect at the level of the organ and later the whole organism. Some of the physiological changes that occur with age include decreased activity of neurotransmitters, a fall in sensory acuity and perception and a reduction in circulatory capacity. These changes lead to the loss of functionality that is associated with aging at the level of an organism. At the level of the organ, these changes occur due to the inability of the existing cells to replace the dying or damaged cells in order to maintain function. Thus, we see several diseases that pertain to specific organs and are closely related to increasing age. The inability to replace the older cells with new ones is a loss of functionality at the cellular level. The biochemical machinery within a cell enables the cell to replicate adequately so that the number of functional cells is always enough to maintain the health of an organ. However, with age, changes within this machine ry shift the balance such that the process slows down gradually affecting the organ hence the organism (Morimoto and Cuervo). Therefore, the real key to unlocking the secret behind aging lies in the factors that affect the cellular machinery. Whether it is the change in DNA, a change in gene expression or a change in the environment of the organism which eventually penetrates his system that regulates aging and to what extent is a question that has been investigated extensively in recent past. This research paper takes a detailed look at such investigations in an attempt to understand how aging is affected by genetic, epigenetic or environmental factors. Aging: effect of genes, epigenetics and environment Genes and aging The field of biological aging has been exploring the effect of genes on aging with a view of not only attaining the capability to slow or stop the process of aging but also to stop the development of several disease that have very strong links with increasing age. H owever, most of these investigations have been carried out on worms, rodents and drosophila on the basis that not only are they easily accessible but also because certain studies suggest that worms, yeast and people have common genes for aging (Callaway). In 2008, scientists from Eovtos Lorand University, Hungary, conducted a research on nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans, that were deficient

Marketing Strategy WH Smith Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Marketing Strategy WH Smith Case Study - Essay Example WH Smith (WHS) was established in 1792 and went public in 1949. The retail division presently operates 542 retail stores and 127 travel stores across the country. In addition, the division operates e-retailing business through the website. The news division of WHS is UK’s largest wholesaler of newspaper and magazines. The company’s key product portfolio includes books, stationery, travel guides, greeting cards and gift packaging, art materials, entertainment products such as music and video CD’s, DVD’s, computer games and confectionery. The company derives a majority of its revenues from the UK, having divested itself of the Asia-pacific arm.Major competitors that need to be considered, looking at the diverse range of products offered, may be identified as Amazon.com, Borders Group, Barnes & Noble, Bertelsmann, Lagardere, HMV, Virgin, Woolworths, Asda, Tesco and a number of specialist small retailers.The most obvious strength of the company is its 542 reta il outlets on every high-street in the country and 127 travel stores at railway stations and airports, allowing the company to reach a wide customer base – 70% of the British public visit a WHS store at least once every year!Travel Retail is a strong performer within the retail division and recorded growth rates of 3% in revenue (Â £311 million) and an increase of 24 % in its profits in 2005 compared with the previous year. While passenger growth at airports was 2%, the sales at airport outlets grew by 7%. (Datamonitor, 2006). Distribution: WH Smith News has 47 distribution centres across the UK and delivers up to 50 million newspapers and magazines every week. All distribution centres employ state-of-the-art technology, such as 'Pick and Pack' machinery, to help to improve customer service and reduce costs. I.T. Systems: The company is in an excellent position to exploit the cutting edge Information Technology

Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing - Assignment Example A slight increase in price will result in driving its customers to competitors’ brands. Its niche market is getting saturated and should try and target newer market segments in emerging economies. The emerging markets are very sensitive to price and Apple Inc should try and reduce its direct and indirect costs to increase the profit margin. Since price is an important determinant of the product quality, thus reducing will also result in negative customer perception. It should try to achieve better economies of scale, strategic partnerships, vertical integration of business process, ancillary services etc (Rogers, 2001). Apple Inc should aim at increasing its economies of scale to enjoy better profit margin. This will allow it to enjoy higher profitability without adjusting the price of its products. It can enjoy better scale of operations by buying in bulk from its vendors. It imports value added component that is imported from countries across the world. It imports from countries like China, Taiwan, Singapore, France, Germany, Japan, etc. Economies of scale is achieved either through internal or external scale of operations. Apple can increase its orders to enjoy better rates from its suppliers. This will reduce its shipping costs as bulk transportation will allow it to receive discounts from its logistics partner. At the operational level this will lead to increased scale of operations which will reduce per unit cost of production resulting in an overall decrease in the total cost. For enjoying better economies Apple Inc should forecast the market demand of its products. There should be significa nt demand of its products that will incentivise it to order in bulk (Kotler, and Keller, 2012). Vendors and logistics partners of Apple Inc might offer trade discounts, long term supply contracts, etc. Its current list of vendors is provided in the table below: Better customer relationship

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay Example for Free

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay The Birth of a Monster Frankenstein can be [home-3. tiscali. nl] read as a tale of what happens when a man tries to create a child without a woman. It can, however, also be read as an account of a womans anxieties and insecurities about her own creative and reproductive capabilities. Among the deviations from the original book is the creation of the monster bride. In the book, the creation asks Victor Frankenstein to fashion a monster woman for him. He reluctantly agrees, but destroys the creature right before he is about to breathe life into it. However, in the film he goes through with his plan only after the monster murders Elizabeth on their wedding night by thrusting his hand into her chest and ripping out her heart [home-3. tiscali. nl]. Victor then takes Elizabeths body back to his laboratory, where he attaches her head to the exhumed body of Justine, the nanny. He then galvanizes this new body and brings Elizabeth back as a horrific bride. When the monster approaches thinking that the bride is meant for him, a stand-off occurs before the bride kills herself by fire [home-3. tiscali. nl]. Male Friendship in Jamess Short Stories Jamess short stories focus on the theme of male friendship [glbtq. com]. Texts like The Pupil (1890) portray relationships between older men and their proteges associations. The Beast in the Jungle (1903) comprises a case study of homosexual panic. Moreover, stories like The Jolly Corner (1908), which involves a protagonist who confronts himself as he might have been, had he not left America for a solitary existence in Europe. It dramatizes the ways in which the protagonist comes to embrace heterosexual love. This might suggest that Jamess portrayals of women suffer as a result of the privileged male relationships in his short stories. To a certain extent, this is true at the same time Jamess [glbtq. com]treatment of women is also skillful. This has led many feminist critics to applaud his representations of femininity. James did not support womens rights and was frequently quite dismissive of female writers but his female characters are among the most positively represented in British and American literature. In turn, although Jamess ambivalence toward gay love and lifestyles propels his fiction, his portrayals of male friendships are provocative and powerful. Indeed, the fated nature of these relationships testifies not only to Jamess inability to conceive of a space wherein homosexual love might be dramatized, it also points to the pall cast by the Wilde trials, wherein the specter of Oscar shadowed the comportment of many gay men of his age. James, caught within a myriad of conflicting cultural positionsan American living in Europe, a gay man living in a normative heterosexual worldwas able to channel his own marginality into literary texts that document the anxieties of his age, be they social, sexual, or cultural [glbtq. com]. Conclusion The Queer theory is a theory of sociology (or philosophy), which criticizes mainly the concept of gender, feminism, and the preconceived idea of genetic determinism in the sexual preference. Although homosexuality and queer practices are nothing new, the association between queer practices and deviancy is taking on new meaning in the modern world as queer community and queer culture becomes more apparent. Queer culture is not limited to queer sex. Queer culture, from an ideological standpoint, represents the queer community and its arts, lifestyles, institutions, writings, politics, relationships and everything else encompassed in culture. Queer culture in general is intertwining with the common normative culture, with people being exposed to the ideas of â€Å"gay pride† and becoming more educated about queer studies in schools and society. Reference: Barris, S[24/07/2007 ] GAINING THE RIGHT TO SPEAK AT THE UN http://www. ilga. org/news_results. asp? LanguageID=1FileID=1090FileCategory=44ZoneID=7 Coming Out as Transgender http://www. hrc. org/Content/NavigationMenu/Coming_Out/Get_Informed4/Coming_Out_as_Transgender/Coming_Out_as_Transgender.htm Commentaries on Seidman, Meeks and Traschen: `Beyond the Closet? : After the Closet Bech Sexualities. 1999; 2: 343-346 http://sexualities. sagepub. com/cgi/content/refs/2/3/343. â€Å"Epistemology of the closet†, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, in â€Å"The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader†, Routledge, New York, London, 1993 [italico da autora, sublinhados e gordos nossos] http://branconolilas. no. sapo. pt/sedgwick. htm Foucault: The History of Sexuality http://www. ipce. info/ipceweb/Library/history_of_sexuality. htm.

Thomas More’s Utopia and Aldus Huxley’s Brave New World :: Utopia Essays

Thomas More’s Utopia and Aldus Huxley’s Brave New World , are novels about societies that differ from our own. Though the two authors have chosen different approaches to create an alternate society, both books have similarities which represent the visions of men who were moved to great indignation by the societies in which they lived. Both novels have transcended contemporary problems in society , they both have a structured, work based civilization and both have separated themselves from the ways of past society. It is important when reading these novels to focus on the differences as well as the similarities. The two novels differ in their views of love, religion, and the way to eliminate social classes. These differences seem to suggest that if we do not come closer to More’s goal in Utopia, we will end up in a society much like that of Huxley’s Brave New World. Thomas More’s Utopia, is a small island where there is no greed or crime. The inhabitants of this island live as equals, no one does more work than another person and everyone feels secure with their place in society. By abolishing money and private property, More would rid society of greed and social ambition. Most of all, he wants to curtail pride, the evil he believes is at the root of all evils -- "the infernal serpent that steals into the hearts of men, thwarting and holding them back from choosing the better way of life." Likewise, in Aldus Huxley’s Brave New World, crime and greed have been eliminated and everybody is satisfied with their social status. This similarity between the two novels suggests that the authors may have seen a link between social status and crime. Indeed, in western civilization, it is evident through statistics that a large amount of crime takes place amongst the lower class. Both authors saw that by eliminating the self pity and jealousy that comes with a lower social status, they would also be eliminating the crime and greed that comes with it. In order to maintain a society free of social inequality both authors set up a civilization based on strict societal structure. In More’s Utopia, a system was set up so that all work was completed.

Bad Euthyphro :: essays research papers

Bad Euthyphro   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Euthyphro did not act pious toward his father at all. If he had been trying to be a pious human he would to think deeper in to what he did. Euthyphro turned in his father for killing one man, but he only satisfied one part of being a pious person. According to the American Heritage Dictionary being a pious person has â€Å" devotion and severance towards his god and family.† Euthypro only pleased his god; by bring justice towards his father. He maimed his family and betrayed them. Being thoughtful towards his own family name; Euthyphro only considered him and his money. He only wanted vengeance over the mans death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Looking for revenge never brings any thing good back only bad memories and shame. When Euthyphro found out about his workers death he was mad. Nobody can blame him for it but he acted so abruptly and we out thought he jumped to accuse his father for the murder. He was so quick to blame his father he refused to stop and think. If he had thought about the repercussions that where going to happen, he would of realized that his family name would be put to more shame.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One must also remember what era this story is been told. During the time murder was just another thing that happened daily in the streets. The time that this all takes place is at a time in the world’s history that savageness was still part of the society. The only difference between the ear of Socrates, and today’s society’ is the acceptance of some crimes. When Euthyphros father killed his hired hand, he still had a just reason for doing so. The two main ways to have a pious soul is by having devotion to god and family. Euthyphro showed obviously that he denied honoring his family. It is hard to prove that he did not show devotion to his god. He showed that he felt there was a need for justice. Even thought he went and told on his father, he for goad his own mistakes by sending someone who might be able to kill another.

Graphics page Essay

Whether they are interested in tennis, if they are a fan and what events or players would they like to visit if possible. (Interests) Whether or not the person is interested in purchasing such a product that I will be making, and if so why not? * Do they have any suggestions or preferences in what they would like to buy or view from this merchandise? Why is this? * Do they appreciate merchandise such as posters and banners to be colourful, jazzy, plain or dark? The person’s coloured and style preferences perhaps. Do they prefer products to have lots of text information or do they not? If yes, what should the content be about? E. g. ) The product or the purpose?   What sort of images and logos would they prefer to view on these pages, and in what background? E. g. ) Artistic, photographic, computerized, etc†¦ what will create the best effects for people to appreciate it and be attracted to what it is aiming to the audience.   What sort of advertisement methods would most attract them to the product either to purchase it or to view it even? Information such as this provided in the questionnaire results will be very important for me to analyse and use when designing and making my merchandise. I will definitely need to consider it, otherwise there is no point in making these products in such ways that will not attract people, please them or catch their interest to follow the purpose of the poster. The reason for making something is for it to appeal to people’s preferences and the purpose of my tennis poster is to attract people to view it and realise the development of the state-of-the-art tennis stadium. The merchandise acts as examples of what they can purchase at this newly proposed stadium and helps to promote generally. Therefore, I will need to consider aspects such as colour, texture, size, special effects aswell as the type of imagery, content and textual styles I should use in order for it to be portrayed as worthwhile. Therefore the research is essential for this practical area of my project to be good and relevant.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Sending the Grades

COLEGIO DE DAGUPAN Advantages and Disadvantages of Sending the Grades of the Colegio de Dagupan Students to their Parents A research paper submitted to the faculty of School of Engineering In partial fulfilment of the requirements of the course in English Communication 2 Discipulo, Margie Lyn C. Espiritu, John Mark A. Fragata, Jessa C. Gapuz, Ervie R. . March Table of Contents CHAPTER I I. Introduction A. Background of the Study B. Objectives of the Study C. Statement of the Problem CHAPTER II II. Discussion A. Internet Findings B. Survey Findings C. Interview FindingsCHAPTER III III. Conclusion A. Summary B. Conclusion C. Recommendations Reference Appendix CHAPTER I Background Study Every educational institution is aiming to attain achievement through their various programs, projects and activities. They play the vital role in the implementation of new dimensions to realize visions for the brighter future. Our school serves to be our second home and our instructors which serves to b e our second parents. Students are sent to school by their parents but parents are not able to monitor their child’s in performance in school.The students have all their portals, but not all parents are informed about it or some don’t know the password of the account or maybe some are not computer literate. Nepo Mall has been built in front of Colegio de Dagupan which may create an influence on the academic performance and lifestyle of students. The world today is very different from yesterday. Students also changes. Now a days, many gadgets and technologies are coming out in the market. Students were not able to give more attention to their studies. Some parents are too busy to check their child’s performance in school even their child’s grade were not monitored.So as of this, the President of this institution implemented a new policy – it is to deliver a hard copy of every students grade in their home. In this concern, we seek if there is any adv antage or disadvantage of sending the grades of Colegio de Dagupan students to their parents. Objectives of the Study The study aim to answer the following questions: 1. To be able to identify if the new policy could help the parents monitor their child ? 2. Are the parents satisfied with the new policy ? 3. Is their any advantage or disadvantage for the students with the new policy? 4.Is the new policy well implemented ? 5. Did all students receive their grades through postal ? Statement of the Problem The study aim to determined if there are advantage or disadvantage of sending thegrades of Colegio de Dagupan students to their parents. And if the new policy is wellimplemented by the administration. CHAPTER 2 Discussion II. DISCUSSION A. Internet Findings COLEGIO DE DAGUPAN PORTAL The primary advantage is that an online. Portal can be setup to automatically grade responses and the primary disadvantage is that the best answer may not be the right answer. Local college has such a por tal and it’s great when test results are immediately posted for test-taker viewing. * Student portal it’s college online grade access for student in CDD. Advantage of writing our own is that we can make any kind of adjustments or new features on the fly. B. Survey Findings Table I. Percentage of correspondents according to school. School| Population| Percentage| SOHS| 10| 18. 18%| SOE| 10| 18. 18%| SIHM| 10| 18. 18%| SBA| 10| 18. 18%| SAS| 10| 18. 18%| SITE| 5| 9. 09%| Total| 55| 100%| Table I presents the number of correspondents from each school or department 10 out of 55 or 18. 8% from theSchool of Engineering(SOE), School of Health Sciences(SOHS), School of International Hotel and Management (SIHM),School of Business and Accountancy(SBA), School of Arts and Sciences (SAS) and 5 or 9. 09% from School of Information Technology Education (SITE). Table II. Percentage of students who receive and don’t receive their grades. School| % who have receive their grades| % who haven’t receive their grades| SOHS| 60%| 40%| SOE| 80%| 20%| SIHM| 60%| 40%| SBA| 50%| 50%| SITE| 80%| 20%| SAS| 90%| 10%| Table II presents the percentage of students who was able to receive their grade from postal.Almost half of the SBA student’s were not able to receive the delivered grades. Table III. Percentage of students who agreed to add the postal fee to their tuition fee. School| Agree| Disagree| SOHS| 90%| 10%| SOE| 90%| 10%| SIHM| 50%| 50%| SBA| 70%| 30%| SITE| 40%| 60%| SAS| 30%| 70%| Table III shows how many student’s who agreed that postal fee would be added to the student’s tuition fee. Most of the students of SIHM, SITE and SAS are not in favour with this. Table IV. Percentage of students who says that postal sending of grades in Colegio de Dagupan. School| Disadvantage| Advantage|SOHS| 20%| 80%| SOE| 40%| 60%| SIHM| 30%| 70%| SBA| 40%| 60%| SITE| 40%| 60%| SAS| 30%| 70%| Table IV show about the comment of the students regarding th e advantage and disadvantage of sending the grades of the student’s to their parents. Table V. Percentage of student’s whom there parent’s are happy with their grades. School| Happy| Sad| Angry| No Comment| SOHS| 70%| | | 30%| SOE| 90%| | 10%| | SIHM| 60%| | 10%| 30%| SBA| 80%| | | 20%| SITE| 100%| | | | SAS| 90%| 10%| | | Table V shows the percentage of student whom their parents are happy, angry and sad with their grades. Table VI.Percentage of student who allow there parents to view their portals. School| Yes| No| SOHS| 10%| 90%| SOE| 20%| 80%| SIHM| 10%| 90%| SBA| 20%| 80%| SITE| 10%| 90%| SAS| 10%| 90%| Table VI presents the percentage of students who allow their parent’s to view their postal. Most of the student’s don’t allow their Table VII. Percentage of male and female correspondent in every school. School| No. of Males| % of Males| No. of Females| % of Females| SOHS| 5| 50%| 5| 50%| SOE| 5| 50%| 5| 50%| SIHM| 5| 50%| 5| 50%| SBA| 5 | 50%| 5| 50%| SITE| 2| 40%| 3| 60%| SAS| 5| 50%| 5| 50%| Table VII.Present the percentage of male and female correspondent in every school. Table VIII. Percentage of male who said postal fee is ok. School| No. of males| Agree| Disagree| % of male who agree| % of male who disagree| SOHS| 5| 4| 1| 80%| 20%| SOE| 5| 2| 3| 40%| 60%| SIHM| 5| 3| 2| 60%| 40%| SBA| 5| 3| 2| 60%| 40%| SITE| 2| 1| 1| 50%| 50%| SAS| 5| 1| 3| 66%| 34%| Table VIII represents the male who agreed that postal fee is ok to be added on student’s tuition fee. Table IX. Percentage of female who said postal fee is ok. School| No. of females| Agree| Disagree| % of females who agree| % of emales who disagree| SOHS| 5| 5| 0| 100%| 0%| SOE| 5| 5| 0| 100%| 0%| SIHM| 5| 2| 3| 40%| 60%| SBA| 5| 4| 1| 80%| 20%| SITE| 3| 1| 2| 33%| 67%| SAS| 5| 3| 2| 60%| 40%| Table IX represents the female who agreed that postal fee is ok to be added on their tuition fee. Table X. The Tally get from the Survey | 1. Did your parents rec ieive your grades? | | | Yes40| No15| | 2. Were you able to show your grades to your parents before you enroll| Yes9| No7| | 3. How did your parents reacted when they saw your grades| Happy45| Sad1| Angry No C2 7| 4.Do you agree that the postal fee is added to your tuition fee? Why? | Yes31| No24| | 5. Do you agree that your grades will be delivered in your home through postal? Why? | Yes43| No12| | 6. Is there any disadvantage for you in the new policy? | Yes26| None29| | Table 10 represent the tally made by the researcher from the survey they made. On the survey made by the researcher the following reasons are gathered: *Reasons why student don’t agree with the additional fee for Postal Fee 1. Because it wasn’t included in my discount 2. Addition fee meaning to say additioinal TF and additional expenses and additional problem. . Postal fee is useless. In fact grades were delivered late and in some no grades were delivered. *Reasons why student agree that Postal Fee c ould be added in the Tution Fee. 1. Because the money paid will be use in the payment of the postal fee that will be use in sending our grades ain our respective home. 2. Because my parents would know my performance in school. *Reasons why students agree that grades will be sent at home. 1. So that my parents will know my grades and performance in school. 2. So that we could have a second copy. *Reasons why students don’t agree that grades will be sent at home. 1.I don’t want to be scolded by my parents when they saw mygrades most specially when I have a failing grades. *Disadvantages of Sending the grades of student of CdD 1. My parents will know my grades specially when I have failing or low grade. *Advantages of Sending the grades of students of CdD 1. Our parents would be able to monitor their child’s performance in school. B. Interview Findings Based on our interviewee Mrs. Berhin R. Gapuz, agreed with the new policy implemented by the president of Colegio de Dagupan that second hard copy grades of the students of Colegio de Dagupan will be sent to their respective home.According to her, her daughter’s original grade slip was submitted to the office of Team Energy so its better to have a second copy. On the other hand, Nancy Espirirtu don’t agree with this. She emphasize that delivery of second copy of her son’s grade. In fact he could monitor his child’s performance through CdD Portal. And she could see his son’s original grade slip. She also said that parents should always monitor their child. Second copy is just a waste of money. Mrs. Rosemarie Discipulo also commented that she disagree that grades will be sent in their home. ven if postal fee is only 18 php ,that cost still matters. And in fact grades were not delivered on time. Mr. Romeo Fragata Jr. ’s opinion is that he agree with the policy . He said,† Its not that I don’t have trust on my daughter I also need to monitor he r performance in school. Chapter 3 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation This chapter presents the summary, conclusion and recommendations of the research â€Å" Advantage and Disadvantages of Sending the Grades of Colegio de Dagupan Student’s to their Parents ‘’. SummaryThe researchers conduct research, interview and survey to fulfil the study and to find out if the student or parents agree or disagree with the topic presented. Conclusion ————————————————- Based on the survey, 65 correspondents, 27 males and 28 females, almost 73% have receive their grades through postal. The remaining 27% was not able to receive their grades, but 60% of their parent’s view their grades before enrolling. Only 56% of the population agreed with the new policy that grades will be delivered at home. And only 16% of them let their parent’s view their portal. ———————————————— ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- RECOMMENDATION On the basis of the conclusions arrived at the researchers recommend the following. 1. The institutions should be alarmed with the implementation of the new policy. Grades should be delivered as early as possible for the parents to be informed. . As a student, you should your best shot to be make your parents happy with your grades. 3. Just continue the new policy for the parents to be informed with their child’s performance. Reference Survey Questionaire Name: _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Year and Course_________________________________________________________Gender_____________________ Date of Survey: ______________________________________________________________________________________ If no, do you show your parent your grades? Yes No .† 1.Did your parents receive your grades? Yes No If no, do you show your parent your grades? Yes No 2. Howdid your parentsreact when they saw your grades? Happy Sad Angry 3. Do you agree that the postal fee is added to your tuition fee? Why? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Students of Science Disciplines are More Meritorious than Others

Students of science disciplines are more meritorious than others Science is the subject where talent, handwork and knowledge of high level is required. Every modern technology, all new innovations are mainly due to science. So science is a very long brunch of studies. Science requires lots of efforts and hard work. Science students have to give not only efforts and hard work, science student have to be talented with a huge reserve of knowledge. While others subjects besides science usually do not require that much meritorious student.So usually meritorious students choose science and science students are more meritorious it can be said in a glance. I completely agree with the fact that science students are more a meritorious The first reason is that usually mostly everywhere in all educational institutes in order to get science high percentage is required in their results. To get science students have to be especially skilled in mathematics, chemistry, biology and other science subje cts. These subjects usually do not work by memorizing. Thinking skills and knowledge are highly required.A student who doesn’t have the capability of using and utilizing their knowledge will never be able to do well in science subjects. Science includes complicated subjects in which only meritorious students achieve good results in it. Subjects other than science, that is arts, commerce, economics, law, literature, history, geography etc are subjects where merit like science is not required. In these subjects if a student can study day and night, work hard and memorize the lessons, they can easily do well in their results.Hard work is required by merit of high level is not mandatory to do well. Science students have to do lots of practical, lab works, and many other science related tasks. These tasks made them develop knowledge no how things actually works in the real world. Due to science our surroundings are full of modern and sophisticated materials and equipment. Passion of getting deep inside how modern world is running due to technology makes a student passionate about science and they try to prepare themselves from the very beginning of their life.Even if a student is not much talented and meritorious they also try to develop them by studying and practicing more and more to develop their knowledge and become capable of taking science. Not in every case all meritorious students take science. There are many meritorious students who study subjects other than science too. The reason behind this can be due to their passion towards other subjects or they don’t find science interesting.Another reason might also be applicable that since science is a very difficult subject students firstly think that they may not able to give that much effort as required in science and they take choose other subject. However they fail to recognize their merit and use it other way in other subjects rather than science, unaware that they are reserving their merit and not using it whereas if they used that merit studying science they could have built up a better future or career for them. They may don’t know but their merit might lead to some new innovations and so on if they have taken science.All in all, with all my reasons stated above I strongly believe that science students are more meritorious than other. Only meritorious students get the ability to take science due to their extraordinary meritorious quality and they have always proved it. Without them we may not be able get a modern sophisticated present world and life. We should be thankful to them and all meritorious students should not waste their merit in places other than science. Contributions of their merit can benefit them and may also benefit the whole world.

Technological Innovation Systems and National Performance Essay

Technological Innovation Systems and National Performance - Essay Example This research tells that different country to show varied attention to the integration of technology within their development framework. However, contemporary research shows that there exists a direct relationship between the development of a country and the level of attention that it awards to it innovation system. Evidently, technology influences the efficiency of a country's productive activities, which in turn influences the development of a country. However, critics point out that investment in technological systems is a great expense for countries and this amount can be used for direct development. The argument is that countries that over-invest in the technology end up exhausting valuable resources that would have been used in other areas of development. From a critical point of view, innovation in technology is an expense for a country in the short-term but has many benefits in the long-term. A comparison of countries such as UK, US Germany, and Japan points out technological innovations systems has great value for any country. In this light, a difference in technology innovation systems leads to the difference in long-term performance in the world. The concept of technological innovation within countries is a topic that has generated a lot of attention in the current century. As global research bodies such as the OECD investigate the cause for global economic difference within countries, technology innovation has become a central point of focus. Innovations refer to the ability of a country to integrate technology within its infrastructure in an approach to streamline its economic operations. Evidently, different countries have shown the different level of commitment to technological development. Notably, theorists point out that the development of an economy can be measured by the amount of technology that a country has adopted within its operations. The concept of technology is historical but gained roots in the 20th century after the 1930s global re cession. At this time, countries awakened to the reality of the worst economic depression and there was pressure for countries to emerge from this crisis. At the same time, technology became a well-defined concept as different countries discovered the need to use technology to streamline their development plans.

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 70

Summary - Essay Example The author’s major argument was that an extended conflict in Libya would lead to increased global fuel prices and subsequently derail economic growth. Though Libya was presented as a minor supplier of global crude oil, its product was of high quality and was as a result preferred by many of the European countries that did not have facilities for refining low quality oil that is majorly available in the global market. Its crude oil was also preferred by the United States’ market (Krauss, p. 1). Krauss further argued that failure to solve the Libyan crisis would force dependants of the Libyan oil to shift their demand to two alternative suppliers, Nigeria and Algeria. This would however lead to increase in fuel prices as had earlier been witnessed in the United States. According to the author, quality of oil from Libya, Algeria, and Nigeria concentrates focus on their crude oil instead of alternatives from other global suppliers. As a result, relative supply shortage, due to the conflict, with respect to demand would hike prices as had been previously witnessed. Though the article noted adverse impacts of the conflict on major European economies, it reported that the United States would not be a victim due to its ability to refine sour crude oil, unlike many of the European nations that heavily depended on Libyan oil. The author supported his opinion of the impacts of the Libyan conflict on global crude oil market by experts’ views from academic and corporate fields. With the fact that oil industries in Middle East countries are majorly controlled by the government, national security forces ensures protection of to oil companies. Production in Libya, according to the author, was however vulnerable due to privatization that made it highly sensitive (Krauss, p. 1). The article directly relates to concepts of scarcity and competition. Sowell defines scarcity as a condition of limited supply relative to demand that consequently means

Regulations Influencing The UK Construction Industry Essay

Regulations Influencing The UK Construction Industry - Essay Example Due to this concern, sustainable construction’s concept emerged, while national governments passed a number of regulations to help in the management of the large construction industry. Undeniably, sustainable construction remains an imperative channel of improving the construction industry’s performance, hence rendering it more sustainable. Consequently, national governments have helped to reduce the environmental challenges posed by the diverse construction activities (Hackett et al, 2006). The construction sector remains an imperative industry in the UK. It has profound social, environmental, and economical impacts. According to Barkham (2012), the construction industry of the UK contributes around 10 percent of the total GDP of the UK. Besides, it provides over 1.5 million individuals with employment. However, it has dire environmental effects attributed to the diverse construction activities. For instance, the UK reports an annual average waste of about 70 million t ones with about half of all generated energy being used by the sector. The UK has passed several acts, including the Anti -Corruption Act of 2012. Such developments have improved sustainable construction levels throughout the nation, even though it still lags much behind compared to the other European nations (Morton, 2007). The purpose of this paper is to examine some regulations, which impact upon the UK construction industry and the impacts they have had upon it. The first regulator of the construction industry is the CIS (Construction Industry Scheme). The CIS stipulates the rules and procedures of how contractors must handle their subcontractors’ payment during construction work within the construction sector. The CIS applies primarily to construction contractors and subcontractors within the mainstream construction activities. Conversely, the firms and businesses whose central work is not construction are required to handle their work as contractors within the construct ion sector; they consequently fall under CIS. This is usually applicable to firms and businesses that have a relatively high yearly expenditure on construction work (Morton, 2007). All contractors under CIS must follow some stipulated regulations when paying their subcontractors. Subcontractors are advised to register themselves with the HMRC and ensure they inform them about any changes they make to their businesses in order to ascertain that they are paid their dues correctly (Morton, 2007). Contractors under CIS are also obliged to make their monthly returns every month. Finally, both contractors and subcontractors working under the CIS should update the HMRC about any alterations they make to their business since their registration with the scheme. These changes or details include change in address, business legal structure changes, liquidation, and cessation of operations among other issues (Ruddock, 2008). Another important regulation is the 2008’s Climate Change Act of the UK, which became a law on first December 2008. This act concerns itself with the cutback of greenhouse gases emission. It goes further to affirm that the UK government has a binding duty of assessing the diverse risks associated with climate change within the UK. Conversely, this act only guarantees a certain level of carbon cutback by the year 2050. In addition, it affirms that carbon emissions must be minimized by at least twenty six percent and eighty percent by 2020 and 2050 respectively. The government intends to achieve this via several ways involving increased carbon pricing and utilization of renewable energy (Myers, 2008). Therefore, it is advisable to mull over